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The brake master cylinder is the central hydraulic component that converts pedal force into braking pressure. When the driver presses the brake pedal, pushrod movement forces pistons within the cylinder to compress brake fluid, distributing hydraulic pressure through lines to each wheel's braking unit.
Modern vehicles typically use tandem master cylinders with dual chambers for safety
if one circuit fails, the other maintains partial braking. Key components include:
Reservoir (stores brake fluid)
Primary/Secondary Pistons (generate hydraulic pressure)
Compensating Ports (allow fluid return)
Common issues involve fluid leaks, seal degradation, or air contamination, leading to spongy brakes. Regular maintenance includes checking fluid level/quality and inspecting for leaks. Advanced systems now integrate with ABS and stability control modules for enhanced safety.
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